The section on the proton starts on page 9. I think the preceding pages will help understand the overall idea. But the explanation on what quarks are starts right after the formulas for the proton's inherent angular momentum.
The proton's quarks are like pseudo-electrons. One of the poles (the negative one amplified by the fine structure constant) acts as the pseudo charge of the down quark and is balanced by one of the spins. The principal positive charge is the pseudo-positive charge of each of the up quarks and is balanced by the other spin. I know that is terse. The google doc narrative is more detailed.
There may not be a single simple equation for everything. But there are very simple formulas for things like the magnetic moments of elementary particles: https://eletron-muon-and-proton-magnetic-moments.tiiny.site/
There is something about reality to be inferred there. And we certainly don't have to try to model them with supercomputers.
I am not sure that those formulas are useful. A proton consists of thee quatks.
The square root of the speed of light is not a physical quantity.
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Ij6AfqCCN0ZFwMbgTXD34W8O8iFFoG-1LOUWP9IyL_o/edit?usp=sharing
The section on the proton starts on page 9. I think the preceding pages will help understand the overall idea. But the explanation on what quarks are starts right after the formulas for the proton's inherent angular momentum.
The proton's quarks are like pseudo-electrons. One of the poles (the negative one amplified by the fine structure constant) acts as the pseudo charge of the down quark and is balanced by one of the spins. The principal positive charge is the pseudo-positive charge of each of the up quarks and is balanced by the other spin. I know that is terse. The google doc narrative is more detailed.
Thank you. I read it. My comments above still apply.
Thanks for reading!